Polyurethane elastomer characteristics of the application development and market prospects for Prospects

With the development of society and advances in technology, new materials, more and more applications, polyurethane elastomer since the early 1980s from a military to military and civilian use, and mainly civilian, the product of the increasing varieties of brand , The growing scale of production in all sectors of the national economy and people's life in all aspects of the role played by the increasingly important. Now the practical application from the point of view, to talk about the advantages and disadvantages of polyurethane elastomer and its application and development of the current situation and prospects.

First, polyurethane body of the main advantages

1, the performance of adjustable range. A number of mechanical properties can be passed on the choice of raw materials and the adjustment formula, to a certain scope of the changes in order to meet user performance products for different requirements. For example, hardness, and often users of the products is an important indicator of polyurethane elastomer can be made of Shore A hardness of 20 or so soft glue-roll printing, can be made of Shore D hardness of 70 or more hard rubber roller mill, This is the general elastomer material is difficult to do. Polyurethane elastomer by a number of flexible and rigid chain segment sections of the polar polymer materials, with the rigid segment to increase the proportion of polar groups and the increase in density, elastic body strength and hardness of the original will be increased as well.

2, superior wear resistance. Especially in the water, oil, etc., there is the work of the medium moist conditions, often wear their ordinary rubber materials several times to 10 times. Metal materials such as iron and steel, and so although very hard, but not necessarily wear, such as the Yellow River irrigation area of large-scale water pumps, the flow of metal components Sandy Bay and protection of the ring after a large number of sediment erosion, in less than a few hundred hours of serious wear and tear on the leakage , And the use of polyurethane elastomer coated Sandy Bay and protection of the lap is run straight into the 1800 small yet to wear. Other uses, such as rice mill machine Valley Roller, coal used in the sieve shaker, the athletic tracks of the stadium, the cable car lift trucks used in the dynamic oil seals, skates round and round the elevator and so on are also polyurethane elastomer The arena. To be mentioned at this point is to raise the low hardness of polyurethane elastomer parts of the friction coefficient system, to improve the bearing capacity of resistance, in this type of polyurethane elastomer disulfide add a small amount of aluminum, graphite or silicone oil Lubricants and so on.

3, various processing methods, a broad applicability. Polyurethane elastomer can be used with the same general rubber plastic chain, kneading, molding curing process (referring to MPU); can be made of liquid rubber, molding or spray casting, casting, centrifugal molding (refers to the CPU); system can be Into a pellet, and, like ordinary plastic, injection, extrusion, rolling, such as blow molding process (referring to the CPU). Molded or injection molding of parts, to a certain hardness, can also carry out cutting, grinding and drilling machine, and so on. Processing of diversity, so that the application of polyurethane elastomer a wide variety of applications continue to grow.

4, oil, ozone-resistant, anti-aging, radiation-resistant, low-temperature-resistant, through sound good, strong adhesion, biocompatibility and excellent blood compatibility. It is these advantages of polyurethane elastomer in the military, aerospace, acoustics, biology and other fields is widely available.

Second, urethane-elastomer shortcomings

However, polyurethane elastomer is not perfect, its main shortcoming:

1, with heat, high temperature performance in general. The use of the normal temperature range is -40 ~ 120 ℃ use. For high-frequency oscillations in conditions of high temperature or long-term effect, the structure must be designed or modified formula to take measures accordingly.

2, intolerance strong polar solvent and strong acid medium. To a certain temperature, alcohol, acid, one would polyurethane elastomer swelling and degradation, chloroform, methylene chloride, dimethylformamide, trichloroethene, and other solvents at room temperature will make the polyurethane elastomer swelling.

Third, polyurethane elastomer and application development

To sum up, the polyurethane elastomer performance is very favorable. In recent years, in every country on the basis of market demand for application development to enhance its research and development focus in the following areas:

1, automotive polyurethane elastomer. The auto industry today is high-performance, low weight, comfort and security of direction. Rubber and synthetic materials are being gradually replaced by metal materials, for which the application of polyurethane elastomer has opened up a very broad prospects. Goodrich Corporation of the United States to develop the second generation of TPU, its business known as the Estaloc. The product has maintained a first-generation TPU Estaloc characteristics, and use of hollow glass filler for the ball, so that the gloss increased by more than 15% can be used in the manufacture of automotive side panels and shock absorption pad, and so on. In the automotive airbags installed, the modern automobile industry development, the protection of the safety of the drivers have a major role. This bag must have a certain strength in order to withstand the impact of high-speed, we should also have good low-temperature flexibility, suitable for the production of polyurethane, each plastic bag with about 300 grams. Most of China's automobile airbag is not installed, the market demand. The use of polyurethane elastomer of high-strength and high carrying capacity. Manufacturing may be in low-speed heavy-duty vehicles with tires, high strength and carrying capacity, can be manufactured in low-speed heavy-duty vehicles with tires, its carrying capacity is made with natural rubber tire specifications of 7 times. In recent years, a new type of green polyurethane tire compound is the research and development, which is based on the new and old rubber tires to light FUNG, pouring some on the thickness of the high wear-resistant, thorn-resistant polyurethane rubber glue binding the surface, is currently in test mileage Stage, shortly after the investment is expected to refer to the production.

2, polyurethane elastomer used in construction. Traditional asphalt waterproofing materials have been gradually rugged, the overall construction of waterproof material polyurethane replaced; the runway at the stadium 10 years ago at the national level the playing field before the official polyurethane material pavement, and now most of the provinces and cities in the stadium, College institutions, and even some of the primary and secondary schools are also covered with polyurethane plastic runway; large-scale expansion joints of the bridge, highway and airport runway caulking also began to use the room temperature curing polyurethane elastomer production of high-speed railway sleeper The material is very good, the Japanese Shinkansen railway through the tunnel and a bridge on the sleeper was laid by the use of polyurethane elastomer material. This new application will make full use of acid-elastic light body, good shock-absorbing, anti-aging characteristics such as the promotion of good value.

3, mines with polyurethane elastomer. Coal, metal and nonmetal mines on the high wear-resistant, high strength and flexibility of non-metallic materials in great demand. Over the past 10 years, and many choose to use coal flexible polyurethane screening board to replace the heavy metal plate, not only greatly extend the useful life of the plate, but also significantly reduced the operating environment of noise, energy saving results. If the other for the production of solid separation of the cyclone, the anti-wear flame-retardant with the transport, mining Monorail is the core round, combined with local coal mine shotcrete plate, 10,000 tons of electric wheel dump truck on the oil seal Lap, high-voltage cable fill plastic sheathing of the cold, and so also for the construction of the mine has played a huge role. At present, there are many mines with wear elastic products are waiting for us to the development and promotion.

4, shoes with polyurethane elastomer. Since Taiwanese businessmen have come to the mainland, China's footwear industry has developed rapidly. Flexible polyurethane with a good cushion, light weight, wear-resistant, non-slip, etc., shoe-making industry has become an important supporting material, golf shoes, baseball shoes, football shoes, ski shoes, travel shoes, safety Shoes and other footwear soles, heel, Xietou, insoles, and other important parts are flexible polyurethane into the system, not only nice, comfortable and durable, but also to improve performance.

5, medical polyurethane elastomer. Good biocompatibility, blood compatibility, without all kinds of additives and the CPU is the TPU materials in the field of health care was an important reason for the application. Has been successfully developed a flexible system of medical products: tracheal tube, artificial limbs, family planning with the bolt blocking agent, skull defect repair materials, condoms, and so on, its application in the field of medical and health prospects are very broad.

6, a new type of polyurethane plastic composites. Britain is developing a system known as the SPS splint layer of polyurethane plastic composites, will revolutionize the shipbuilding industry. It includes two-9mm thick steel plate and inject them in the middle of the 40mm thick polyurethane elastomer, if successfully developed, could replace the traditional shipbuilding steel plate used to strengthen the material, its advantages are: saving manufacturers time to save steel plate to reduce the hull Weight, impact resistance, fatigue-resistant, shock absorption, noise, heat insulation. Once the SPS system in the future use of composite materials for shipbuilding, ship-building by the amount of polyurethane elastomer will be a very alarming figure.