Environment-friendly tire and carbon black performance requirements

Security, environmental protection and energy conservation in the 21st century is the theme of the development of tire technology. In improving the performance of the tires at the same time, we must make efforts to resolve safety, environmental protection and energy saving three important issues. At present, tires, carbon black as a reinforcing filler still occupies absolute dominance, but at the same time by silica strong challenge. Therefore, in order to meet the environment-friendly tire development, must constantly improve the quality of carbon black, to constantly improve the production process, which together with silica tires to improve performance.
First, the domestic tire production and market forecast
With the national economy and the rapid development of the automobile industry, domestic tire industry developed rapidly in recent years, from 1988 to 2003 tire production (including motorcycle tires) has reached 239,000,000, of which 103,000,000 radial tire production over 2003 69,000,000 in a substantial increase in the rate of Meridian in 2003 from 36.66 percent to 43.62 percent.
2005 is expected to tire of a total requirement of 231,000,000, the demand for automobile tires 171,000,000 (74,800,000 car tire, the tire light load 52,700,000, truck tire 43,700,000), of which about tire 129,000,000 (car 74,800,000 tires, tires light load 31,900,000, 22,300,000 truck tire), when the rate of meridian tires in China will reach 55.8 percent.
In 2010 the total demand for car tires is forecast to be 240,000,000 (126,000,000 car tires, tires light load 61,250,000, truck tire 52,550,000), in which tire 206,000,000 (126,000,000 car tires, tires light load 43,300,000, 37,100,000 truck tire).
Second, environment-friendly tire and its performance requirements
1. Environment-friendly tire
At present, "environment-friendly tire" was more common, but there is no clear definition of understanding in a broad sense, any more than is currently used tires for more environmentally-friendly tire can be referred to as environment-friendly tire.
(1) energy
In the car, the energy consumed by all kinds of resistance, of which about 20% of petrol was consumed by rolling resistance tires, to reduce rolling resistance tires can reduce energy consumption (per decrease of 3% to 5% of the rolling Resistance will be able to save 1% of fuel consumption). At the same time reduce fuel consumption also means lower emissions, which is double good.
In addition, if the tire production process to achieve a significant reduction in energy consumption, this tire can also be referred to as environment-friendly tire.
(2) noise reduction
Tire noise is driving a car in the important external noise, the impact on the surrounding environment more, the comfort of their car and there have been noticeable impact on environment-friendly tire, therefore it is necessary to reduce the noise on the work done.
(3) do not directly or indirectly pollute the environment
The use of environmentally friendly materials is an effective measure to reduce environmental pollution. In the production process in the use of non-pollution, non-toxic and harmless materials additives help to improve the working environment of workers, while avoiding the use of the production or use of the process will lead to pollution of raw materials is also an indirect benefit of environmental protection.
Now some tires because of the use of renewable raw materials in plastic, known as environment-friendly tire, a broad sense is also not a bad idea.
(4) the production process of environmental protection
At present, advanced tire manufacturing technology has developed very rapidly, in addition to the characteristics of these technologies can be more accurate and efficient completion of the manufacture of tires, there are a significant feature of this approach is more environmentally friendly. Using advanced production technology, energy technology than the traditional drop 30% to 50% of its measures may be used for mixing low-temperature processes, such as microwave curing process. This production technology and technology development in China is the future for some time to focus on work.
(5) on the road and environment-friendly tire
At present, foreign countries have no need to develop a set screw and anti-skid chains with winter tires, which can significantly reduce the damage to the tires on the road and reduce noise, is very conducive to environmental protection.
In addition, there are a number of other environmentally-friendly measures, such as renovation, biodegradable nature, and so on, a wide range, the environment-friendly tire should not be just a concept, but as an ideology, Is the tire design and production must always adhere to the principle.
Nevertheless, we discuss the environment-friendly tire on this issue, or wish to further clarify the meaning or broad understanding of the concrete in order to focus on more targeted work. To that end, we set out on the market today than the typical three main types of environment-friendly tire: ① can reduce fuel consumption, lower emissions, to save energy and prevent air pollution purpose of the "green" tire; ② has good speed, Braking, safety and comfort, at the same time to prevent vibration and noise reduction, high-performance and ultra-high-performance tires; ③ Gualian or nail set to replace the tires in order to prevent the destruction of roads to avoid dust and noise, as well as non - Nail set with winter tires or all-day Hou.
Through several more environment-friendly tire performance analysis, we can see that environmental protection and carbon black tire-related technical indicators should be less rolling resistance, a smaller loss behind, lower noise and better anti-wet performance.
2. Environment-friendly tire of the trend of development
At present, worldwide development of environment-friendly tire quickly.
High-performance tire sales in 2003 was 2.44 times that of 1997, is 1.43 times that of 2000, reaching 18,150,000, an average annual growth rate during this period of approximately 15%. Over the next five years will continue in the high-performance tire sales growth, but growth rate will decline steadily.
Global demand for winter tires of about 78,000,000, consumer focus on Europe and the United States, Japan and other developed countries.
"Green" environment-friendly tire is a tire in the mainstream of products, from 1990 to be the first to introduce Michelin, the world has been widely accepted by the market and become an epoch-making product. At present, many companies have their own "green" products, tires, and its market share is also growing. Can be convinced that the future market of "green" is bound to tire more and more, after all, has become the accepted direction.
三. At present, tires in the use of carbon black
Related to the amount of many kinds of carbon black are reported in the literature, will not go into here. Now all-steel radial truck tires, for example, a brief description of the rubber tire about the use of carbon black. In the rubber formulation used in carbon black which depends largely on the performance requirements of the rubber. Are as follows:
1. Tread compound
Requirements: Wear-resistant, tear, high-intensity (usually higher than 20Mpa), small rolling resistance, behind a small loss. Used a carbon black N115, N121, N220, N234. Some part of the formula used silica.
2. Rubber belt
: Wire bonding with a good performance, permeable to the wire in-house, will be big stretch stress (16 ~ 19Mpa), high-strength, fast curing. Used a carbon black N375, N326, N330.
3. Plastic matrix
Requirements: good adhesion, dynamic fatigue, loss of lagging behind small, high-performance tear, will stretch strength, not very good vulcanizate. Used a carbon black N375, N326, N330.
4. Plastic bead wire coverage
Requirements: good adhesion, hardness, stress will be stretching, strength and elongation do not ask for much. Used a carbon black N660.
5. Sidewall rubber
: Dynamic performance, and flexible enemy resistance, and stretch will be low-stress, good mobility, anti-aging properties are particularly good, semi-finished products Zinian Xing good. The use of carbon black N375, N330, N660.
四. Black rubber tires on the requirements of
With the tire performance requirements, design and production process of continuous improvement, for a variety of raw materials and agents with the increasing demands on the requirements of carbon black is no exception. In the design requirements of the principle of minimal use of carbon black varieties under the conditions of a tire used in the still 67 kinds of carbon black, a tire used in the production of carbon black as many as a dozen varieties of species. This requires China's carbon black production companies to develop and produce more products of different specifications to meet the needs of the tire manufacturers.
In addition to the incomplete varieties, China's carbon black products Another issue is the stability of poor product quality, that is, the same batch specifications for the performance of carbon black has a larger difference. This phenomenon for tire production is too great, rubber properties of small changes can lead to tire the whole batch of serious quality problems, in particular due to the large amount of carbon black, rubber on the performance of more Great.
五. New Varieties Development and application of carbon black
Performance car tires on the development of the demands are too high, tire manufacturers have spared no effort in striving to create more excellent performance tires. In this process, the tire manufacturer of raw materials producers also have great expectations and hope that they can provide even more outstanding performance of products, designed to make tires more space.
In fact, the production of carbon black business is also done very good indeed, even more than the tire business than required. For example, Cabot's Vulcan Series, Ecoblack series, black / white two-phase filler carbon black, silica or silicon-doped multi-phase carbon black; Degussa's EB Series Inversion Black; Colombia's CD series; carbon mainland companies LH series of low hysteresis carbon black; carbon black industry research and design institute of the Z series low hysteresis carbon black. These new varieties of black performance tires for improved performance and made a great contribution.
In line with environment-friendly tire technology with a number of new progress. We know that Michelin's "green" tire is used in silica and silane coupling agent with technology, this is the rubber tire with a major development in the technology. In addition, there are some with silica filler competition, such as a carbon black silica filler and a new two-phase nano-structured carbon black. At the same time, was also studied silica-free and low rolling resistance and high humidity clinging to the road edge of the plastic rubber surface, it is through the use of a reactive mixing technology, that is, in the traditional black and fill a typical milk-SBR / BR blends when the first paragraph of mixing a small amount of sulfur to give the body to achieve.
In addition, the holding company for Kabo liquid mixing processes NR / carbon black rubber as we have opened up new ideas.
But one thing should also be noted that, although the production of carbon black business has developed a series of new varieties of carbon black, but the real domestic enterprises to use the actual production is not too much. One important question is applied research and production technology closely enough. Black-known foreign companies in applied research work to do more, but domestic enterprises on a relatively small number of more important point is that the application of research results to production and tire production technology, will it be possible to enter The practical application stage.